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Incoloy type elements resist scale build-up and allow heat transfer even with some scale build-up consequently lasting longer but costing more initially. Periodic maintenance – removing sediment build up and/or replacing elements may keep the heater operating satisfactorily for years. A good indicator of this condition is the calcium deposits found in the bottom of a teakettle. The harder the water conditions, the faster this chemical reaction usually takes place. This condition is prevalent with the bottom element since particulate matter precipitates from the heated water and accumulates on the tank bottom completely covering the element in a period of time. The element thus overheats and burns out. Older elements may burn out due to age or, more often, sediment build up from water conditions encrust the element blades acting as insulation and preventing the heat from being transferred to the water. Low watt density elements usually last longer than higher watt density elements because the heat is spread over a greater surface area.Įventually, all heating elements (like light bulbs) will burn out. Sometimes an element of a certain length must be used in order to fit within the constraints of the water heater tank diameter. Consequently, some elements of the same wattage input could be longer or shorter than their counterparts due to low, medium or high watt density construction. Watt density, mentioned above, is the amount of heat concentrated in square inches of surface area. Higher wattage elements draw a greater amperage requiring heavier gauge wire in the water heater as well as from the circuit breaker panel. Always check the data plate on existing electric water heaters for rated voltage and maximum wattage input. Some electric utility companies may have element size restrictions on their lines or older homes with old wiring systems may not be adequately protected for higher wattage elements. The traditional residential heating element is 4500 watts/240 volts. The popular style today is a screw-in version, but a four bolt flange style is also very common. Model(s) Affected: All Residential & Commercial Electric UnitsĮlectric water heaters are manufactured in various wattage’s (such as light bulbs.) They are designed for different voltages and different watt densities. Right Spec ® Sizing & Cross Reference Tools.